Thermal diffusion—a fundamental physical process pervasive in applications ranging from electronics to industrial systems—is inherently irreversible under the second law of thermodynamics. As ...

Permafrost beneath Arctic roads is warming and becoming less stable, creating growing risks for northern infrastructure. Yet predicting how frozen ground will evolve remains difficult because ...

FEHM Homepage • FEHM Documentation • Major Release V3.6.2 The numerical background of the FEHM computer code can be traced to the early 1970s when it was used to simulate geothermal and hot dry rock ...

In this work, a finite volume formulation developed for two-dimensional models is extended to deal with axisymmetric models of heat conduction applications. This formulation uses a vertex centered ...

A finite element model for solving ocean circulation forced by winds and atmospheric heat fluxes is presented. It is vertically integrated 1 1/2 layer model which solves the motion and continuity ...

Abstract: In this article, we present an efficient transient electromagnetic–thermal co-simulation solver based on the hybrid implicit–explicit finite-difference time-domain (HIE-FDTD) method. This ...

Laboratory of Thermal and Renewable Energies, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The phenomenon of natural convection has received intensive attention in recent years, through ...

Power consumed by semiconductors creates heat, which must be removed from the device, but how to do this efficiently is a growing challenge. Heat is the waste product of semiconductors. It is produced ...