Background Conflicting evidence has emerged regarding the relevance of smoking on risk of COVID-19 and its severity. Methods We undertook large-scale observational and Mendelian randomisation (MR) ...

SDG-PGMs is a Python framework for building Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) that generate synthetic data with realistic, statistically-grounded relationships between attributes. It extends pgmpy ...

Background A lack of large-scale, individually linked data often has impeded efforts to disentangle individual-level variability in outcomes from area-level variability in studies of many diseases and ...

Objectives Investigating the effect of prognostic factors in a multistate framework on survival in a large population of patients with osteosarcoma. Of interest is how prognostic factors affect ...

When is it appropriate to completely reinvent the wheel? To an outsider, that seems to happen a lot in category theory, and probability theory isn’t spared from this treatment. We’ve had a useful ...

Edit distance—a classical problem in computer science—has received ongoing attention from both practitioners and theoreticians. Given two strings A and B, the edit distance is the minimum number of ...

Objective To measure sex differences in lifespan based on the probability of males to outlive females. Design International comparison of national and regional sex-specific life tables from the Human ...

This course aims to develop a computational view of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) for students who have an applied or engineering background, e.g., machine learning, signal processing, ...

Formal and functional theories of language seem disparate, because formal theories answer the question of what a language is, while functional theories answer the question of what functions it serves.

This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons ...

Objective To compare the risk of cardiovascular events between sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors among people with type 2 diabetes in a ...